Parkinson's disease（PD）is a neurodegenerative disorder with the primary symptom resulting from severe selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc). The four main features of Parkinson's disease are: resting tremor, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia and hypokinesia, and postural instability.

The loss of the carbidopa/levodopa response after the progression of Parkinson’s disease to mid- and late stages, and significant motor complications continue to occur after optimization of the treatment regimen, which accounts for approximately 20 to 30% of patients presenting with PD. Deep brain stimulation electrodes can be used in patients without neuropsychiatric symptoms, but are primarily intended to relieve symptoms. To date, there is no drug or method that can inhibit underlying progressive neurodegeneration, and there is no treatment effective in alleviating disease progression and providing sustained functional improvement.